{"id":6422,"date":"2022-02-10T16:00:10","date_gmt":"2022-02-10T08:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wangonc.com\/?p=6422"},"modified":"2024-03-01T15:27:55","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T07:27:55","slug":"memory-addressing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wangonc.com\/index.php\/2022\/02\/10\/memory-addressing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5185\u5b58\u5bfb\u5740"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740<\/h1>\n
    \n
  1. \u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u6bb5\u5730\u5740+\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/li>\n
  2. \u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\uff08VA\uff09\uff1a32\u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u8868\u793a4G\u5185\u5b58\u63a7\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u59820x00000000<\/li>\n
  3. \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u82af\u7247\u7ea7\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6620\u5c04\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n
  4. \u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u9700\u8981\u5305\u6362\u6bb5\u504f\u79fb\u3002\u4f8b\u59820x12345678\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\uff0c[\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6bb5\u5730\u5740:0x12345678]\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u6bb5<\/h1>\n
      \n
    1. \u4ece80286\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e24\u79cd\uff08X86\u4e2d\uff09<\/li>\n
    2. \u6bb5\u5730\u5740\u79f0\u4e3a\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\uff08\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a16\u4f4d\u957f\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5<\/li>\n
    3. cs\u6bb5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u522b\uff08CPL\uff09\uff0c0\u548c3\uff08\u53730\u73af\u548c3\u73af\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u6001\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001<\/li>\n
    4. \u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b58\u653e\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\uff08GDT\uff09\u6216\u5c40\u90e8\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\uff08LDT\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c8\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bb5\u7279\u5f81<\/li>\n
    5. GDT\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u5b58\u5728gdtr\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0cLDT\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u5b58\u5728ldtr\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d<\/li>\n
    6. [\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5b57\u6bb5]Base<\/strong>\uff1a\u6bb5\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u9996\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\uff08\u57fa\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0cS<\/strong>\uff1a0\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6bb5\uff0c1\u8868\u793a\u666e\u901a\u6bb5\uff0cDPL<\/strong>\uff1a\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\uff0c0\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5185\u6838\u6001\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c3\u8868\u793a\u5185\u6838\u6001\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u90fd\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0cD\u6216\u8005B<\/strong>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0cG\uff1a\u4e3a0\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ee54096\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \"file\"<\/div><\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u4e0d\u540c<\/li>\n
      2. \u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\u88ab\u653e\u5165\u6bb5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u7f16\u7a0b\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d<\/li>\n
      3. \u8fdb\u884c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u65f6\u53ea\u6709\u6bb5\u5730\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5185\u5bb9\u6539\u53d8\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u8bbf\u95eeGDT\u6216LDT\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u53d6\u503c\u5373\u53ef<\/li>\n
      4. [\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\u5b57\u6bb5]index<\/strong>:\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5728GDT\u6216LDT\u4e2d\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\uff09 \uff0cTI<\/strong>\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5728GDT\u4e2d\u8fd8\u662fLDT\u4e2d \uff0cRPL<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u8005\u7279\u6743<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \"Untitled-1.png\"<\/div><\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u7531index\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c*8\uff088\u5b57\u8282\u957f\u5ea6\uff09+GDT\uff08\u6216LDT\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5728gdtr\u6216ldtr\u4e2d\uff09\u5f97\u5230<\/li>\n
        2. GDT\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u603b\u4e3a0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee50x0\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u6548\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f1a\u62a5\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n
        3. GDT\u4e2d\u53ef\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a2^13-1<\/li>\n
        4. \u5c06\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u627e\u5230\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684base\u5b57\u6bb5\u627e\u5230\u6bb5\u9996\u5730\u5740\uff08\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6bb5\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u4e0e\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u52a0\u5373\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u4e09\u3001Linux\u7684\u5206\u6bb5<\/h1>\n
            \n
          1. linux\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5bf9\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6765\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3001\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u6bb5<\/li>\n
          2. \u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u6bb5\u5206\u522b\u7531\u5b8fUSER_CS\u3001__USER_DS\u3001<\/strong>KERNEL_CS\u3001__KERNEL_DS\u5b9a\u4e49<\/li>\n
          3. \u56e0\u4e3a\u5728linux\u4e0b\u6574\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u516c\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6bb5\u90fd\u4ece0x0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728linux\u4e0b\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684<\/li>\n
          4. linux\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u786c\u4ef6\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e9bcpu\u67b6\u6784\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5206\u6bb5\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5linux\u5f31\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n
          5. linux\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2acpu\u5bf9\u5e94\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aGDT\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5355\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aGDT<\/li>\n
          6. \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aGDT\u4e2d\u5305\u542b18\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u548c14\u4e2a\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6216\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/li>\n
          7. \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u6bb5\uff08TSS\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u7701\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u6bb5\uff08TSL\uff09\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7535\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e94\u4e2a\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u5373\u63d2\u5373\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u7684BIOS\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u53cc\u91cd\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7279\u6b8aTSS\u6bb5<\/li>\n
          8. LDT\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aLDT<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u56db\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u9875<\/h1>\n
              \n
            1. \u9875\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u4e0a<\/li>\n
            2. \u9875\u6846\uff08\u7269\u7406\u9875\uff09\u662f\u5c06RAM\u5206\u6210\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u6846\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875<\/li>\n
            3. \u9875\u6846\u7528\u4e8e\u627f\u8f7d\u9875\uff0c\u662f\u4e3b\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9875\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u9875\u6846\u4e2d<\/li>\n
            4. \u9875\u8868\u628a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u6210\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n
            5. 32\u4f4d\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7531\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u9ad810\u4f4d\uff09\u3001\u9875\u8868\uff08\u4e2d\u95f410\u4f4d\uff09\u3001\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff08\u4f4e12\u4f4d\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\uff08\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u73b0\u5728\u7684CPU\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8c\u7ea7\u5bfb\u5740\u4e86\uff09<\/li>\n
            6. cr3\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u8868\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u52a0\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5b57\u6bb5\u627e\u5230\u9875\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u9875\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9875\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6839\u636e\u504f\u79fb\u627e\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u753112\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e00\u9875\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u67094k<\/li>\n
            7. \u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u8868\u9879\u548c\u9875\u8868\u9879\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u540c<\/li>\n
            8. \u4ece\u5954\u817e\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a4m\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u5bf9\u5e94\u76844m\u7684\u9875\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7684\u9ad810\u4f4d\u662f\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u540e22\u4f4d\u662f\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/li>\n
            9. \u5c06\u5e38\u89c4\u5206\u9875\u7684\u8868\u9879\u4e2d\u7684pagesize\u5b57\u6bb5\u7f6e1\u5373\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u9875<\/li>\n
            10. \u9875\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6743\u9650\u53ea\u6709\u53ea\u8bfb\u4e0e\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u7531read\/write\u5b57\u6bb5\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6bb5\u5219\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u4e09\u79cd\uff08\u5fd8\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9875\u53ea\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u3002\u3002\uff09<\/li>\n
            11. \u9875\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u7531user\/supervisor\u5b57\u6bb5\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u503c\u4e3a0\u65f6\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u53ea\u6709\u5185\u6838\u6001\uff08CPL\u5c0f\u4e8e3\uff09\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a1\u4efb\u4f55\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfb\u5740<\/li>\n
            12. \u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u4e3a0x20000000-0x2003ffff\uff0c\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u5b57\u6bb5\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u8868\u79cd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u9879\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u9879\u90fd\u4e3a0\uff0c\u9875\u8868\u9879\u4ece0-0x3f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9875\u8868\u79cd\u53ea\u670964\u9879\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u9879\u90fd\u4e3a0\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6839\u636e\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740\u627e\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u8868<\/strong>\uff09<\/li>\n
            13. \u5bf9\u4e8e64\u4f4dCPU\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u91c7\u75282\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5bfb\u5740\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a0\u5165\u4ecd\u65e7\u4f7f\u75282\u7ea7\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u8868\u548c\u9875\u8868\u4e2d\u8868\u9879\u4f1a\u5341\u5206\u591a<\/li>\n
            14. \u5f15\u5165\u786c\u4ef6\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d88\u9664cpu\u548c\u4e3b\u5b58\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5dee\u8ddd<\/li>\n
            15. \u884c\u662f80x86cpu\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u65b0\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5176\u662f\u7531\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210<\/li>\n
            16. cr0\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u7684cd\u6807\u503c\u4e3a\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u544a\u8bc9\u786c\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\uff0cnw\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7528\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u5199\u7b56\u7565\u8fd8\u662f\u901a\u5199\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n
            17. \u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u63f4\u7f13\u51b2\u5668\uff08TLS\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5feb\u8f6c\u6362\u901f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u4e94\u3001Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u9875<\/h1>\n
                \n
              1. linux\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u56db\u7ea7\u5206\u9875\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u540c\u65f6\u9002\u7528\u4e8e32\u4f4d\u548c64\u4f4dCPU\u3002\u5f53CPU\u4e3a32\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0clinux\u4f7f\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u503c\u5168\u4e3a0\u6765\u6d88\u9664\u4f5c\u7528<\/li>\n
              2. 32\u4f4d\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u542f\u7528\u4e86PAE\u5219\u4e3a3\u7ea7\u5206\u9875\uff0c64\u4f4d\u65f6\u7684\u5206\u9875\u60c5\u51b5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8eCPU\u8bb2\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5212\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n
              3. \u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6620\u5c04\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u90a3\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5185\u6838\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u542b\u6709bios\u6570\u636e\u6216\u6620\u5c04\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907IO\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff09<\/li>\n
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